Writing scientific papers pdf
Therefore it is safe to assume that there is more work to do now and that you have to get back to your paper. List the methods in the same order they will appear in the Results section, in the logical order in which you did the research: Description of the site Description of the surveys or experiments done, giving information on dates, etc.
It gives key results but minimizes experimental details. In particular, if the reviewers are very critical, your fight-or-flight-response prevents you from seeing what is really being said and what the really important problems are, and from assessing how difficult it would be to fix them for a revised version.
What often happens at this stage is that you directly rush to the referee comments, and read through them at top speed. Sometimes you cannot clarify your idea in words because some critical items have not been studied substantially.
However, when looking for keywords, avoid words with a broad meaning and words already included in the title. Here you need to compare the published results by your colleagues with yours using some of the references included in the Introduction.
You can propose present global and specific conclusions, in relation to the objectives included in the introduction. Most journals have now the possibility to download small files with the format of the references, allowing you to change it automatically.
Biology scientific paper example pdf
If so, great, these experiments or calculations will make your paper more solid and you should do them, even if this takes time. In this contribution, 38 different applications including six new case studies hypoxia processes, sand extraction, oil platform impacts, engineering works, dredging and fish aquaculture are presented. If so, great, this shows that you need to be more clear in your writing even though referees often miss explanations that are already there in the manuscript… Do the referees require some extra experiments or calculations to back up your conclusion? To achieve good interpretations think about: How do these results relate to the original question or objectives outlined in the Introduction section? Are your results consistent with what other investigators have reported? Hence, keep the title informative and concise clear, descriptive, and not too long. Present proper control experiments and statistics used, again to make the experiment of investigation repeatable. Those who survive learn to persist and to deal with these emotions. Never use percentages for very small samples e. First, look at the science and look at the positive side of things: did the referees spot any obvious flaws in your work?Probably it is the easiest section to write, but the hardest section to get right. Hypothesis and objectives must be clearly remarked at the end of the introduction.
But do not over-inflate the manuscript with too many references — it doesn't make a better manuscript! It is true that now they are less used by journals because you can search the whole text. Take into account that a huge numbers of manuscripts are rejected because the Discussion is weak.